This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.2-release, and the previous version, bash-3.2-beta. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a bug that caused the temporary environment passed to a command to affect the shell's environment under certain circumstances. b. Fixed a bug in the printf builtin that caused the %q format specifier to ignore empty string arguments. c. Improved multibyte character environment detection at configuration time. d. Fixed a bug in the read builtin that left spurious escape characters in the input after processing backslashes when assigning to an array variable. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a redisplay bug that occurred in multibyte-capable locales when the prompt was one character longer than the screen width. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.2-beta, and the previous version, bash-3.2-alpha. 1. Changes to Bash a. Changed the lexical analyzer to treat locale-specific blank characters as white space. b. Fixed a bug in command printing to avoid confusion between redirections and process substitution. c. Fixed problems with cross-compiling originating from inherited environment variables. d. Added write error reporting to printf builtin. e. Fixed a bug in the variable expansion code that could cause a core dump in a multi-byte locale. f. Fixed a bug that caused substring expansion of a null string to return incorrect results. g. BASH_COMMAND now retains its previous value while executing commands as the result of a trap, as the documentation states. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a bug with prompt redisplay in a multi-byte locale to avoid redrawing the prompt and input line multiple times. b. Fixed history expansion to not be confused by here-string redirection. c. Readline no longer treats read errors by converting them to newlines, as it does with EOF. This caused partial lines to be returned from readline(). ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.2-alpha, and the previous version, bash-3.1-release. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a source bug that caused the minimal configuration to not compile. b. Fixed memory leaks in error handling for the `read' builtin. c. Changed the [[ and (( compound commands to set PIPESTATUS with their exit status. d. Fixed some parsing problems with compound array assignments. e. Added additional configuration changes for: NetBSD (incomplete multibyte character support) f. Fixed two bugs with local array variable creation when shadowing a variable of the same name from a previous context. g. Fixed the `read' builtin to restore the correct set of completion functions if a timeout occurs. h. Added code to defer the initialization of HISTSIZE (and its stifling of the history list) until the history file is loaded, allowing a startup file to override the default value. i. Tightened up the arithmetic expression parsing to produce better error messages when presented with invalid operators. j. Fixed the cross-compilation support to build the signal list at shell invocation rather than compile time if cross-compiling. k. Fixed multibyte support for non-gcc compilers (or compilers that do not allow automatic array variable sizing based on a non-constant value). l. Several fixes to the code that manages the list of terminated jobs and their exit statuses, and the list of active and recently-terminated jobs to avoid pid aliasing/wraparound and allocation errors. m. Fixed a problem that allowed scripts to die due to SIGINT while waiting for children, even when started in the background or otherwise ignoring SIGINT. n. Fixed a bug that caused shells invoked as -/bin/bash from not being recognized as login shells. o. Fixed a problem that caused shells in the background to give the terminal to a process group other than the foreground shell process group. p. Fixed a problem with extracting the `varname' in ${#varname}. q. Fixed the code that handles SIGQUIT to not exit immediately -- thereby calling functions that may not be called in a signal handler context -- but set a flag and exit afterward (like SIGINT). r. Changed the brace expansion code to skip over braces that don't begin a valid matched brace expansion construct. s. Fixed `typeset' and `declare' to not require that their shell function operands to be valid shell identifiers. t. Changed `test' to use access(2) with a temporary uid/euid swap when testing file attributes and running setuid, and access(2) in most other cases. u. Changed completion code to not attempt command name completion on a line consisting solely of whitespace when no_empty_command_completion is set. v. The `hash' builtin now prints nothing in posix mode when the hash table is empty, and prints a message to that effect to stdout instead of stderr when not in posix mode. w. Fixed a bug in the extended pattern matching code that caused it to fail to match periods with certain patterns. x. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to dump core when performing filename generation in directories with thousands of files. y. Returned to the original Bourne shell rules for parsing ``: no recursive parsing of embedded quoted strings or ${...} constructs. z. The inheritence of the DEBUG, RETURN, and ERR traps is now dependent only on the settings of the `functrace' and `errtrace' shell options, rather than whether or not the shell is in debugging mode. aa. Fixed a problem with $HOME being converted to ~ in the expansion of members of the DIRSTACK array. bb. Fixed a problem with quoted arguments to arithmetic expansions in certain constructs. cc. The command word completion code now no longer returns matching directories while searching $PATH. dd. Fixed a bug with zero-padding and precision handling in snprintf() replacement. ee. Fixed a bug that caused the command substitution code not to take embedded shell comments into account. ff. Fixed a bug that caused $((...);(...)) to be misinterpreted as an arithmetic substitution. gg. Fixed a bug in the prompt expansion code that inappropriately added a \001 before a \002 under certain circumstances. hh. Fixed a bug that caused `unset LANG' to not properly reset the locale (previous versions would set the locale back to what it was when bash was started rather than the system's "native" locale). ii. Fixed a bug that could cause file descriptors > 10 to not be closed even when closed explicitly by a script. jj. Fixed a bug that caused single quotes to be stripped from ANSI-C quoting inside double-quoted command substitutions. kk. Fixed a bug that could cause core dumps when `return' was executed as the last element of a pipeline inside a shell function. ll. Fixed a bug that caused DEBUG trap strings to overwrite commands stored in the jobs list. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a problem that caused segmentation faults when using readline in callback mode and typing consecutive DEL characters on an empty line. b. Fixed several redisplay problems with multibyte characters, all having to do with the different code paths and variable meanings between single-byte and multibyte character redisplay. c. Fixed a problem with key sequence translation when presented with the sequence \M-\C-x. d. Fixed a problem that prevented the `a' command in vi mode from being undone and redone properly. e. Fixed a problem that prevented empty inserts in vi mode from being undone properly. f. Fixed a problem that caused readline to initialize with an incorrect idea of whether or not the terminal can autowrap. g. Fixed output of key bindings (like bash `bind -p') to honor the setting of convert-meta and use \e where appropriate. h. Changed the default filename completion function to call the filename dequoting function if the directory completion hook isn't set. This means that any directory completion hooks need to dequote the directory name, since application-specific hooks need to know how the word was quoted, even if no other changes are made. i. Fixed a bug with creating the prompt for a non-interactive search string when there are non-printing characters in the primary prompt. j. Fixed a bug that caused prompts with invisible characters to be redrawn multiple times in a multibyte locale. k. Fixed a bug that could cause the key sequence scanning code to return the wrong function. l. Fixed a problem with the callback interface that caused it to fail when using multi-character keyboard macros. m. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when an edited history entry was re-executed under certain conditions. n. Fixed a bug that caused readline to reference freed memory when attmpting to display a portion of the prompt. 3. New Features in Bash a. Changed the parameter pattern replacement functions to not anchor the pattern at the beginning of the string if doing global replacement - that combination doesn't make any sense. b. When running in `word expansion only' mode (--wordexp option), inhibit process substitution. c. Loadable builtins now work on MacOS X 10.[34]. d. Shells running in posix mode no longer set $HOME, as POSIX requires. e. The code that checks for binary files being executed as shell scripts now checks only for NUL rather than any non-printing character. f. Quoting the string argument to the [[ command's =~ operator now forces string matching, as with the other pattern-matching operators. 4. New Features in Readline a. Calling applications can now set the keyboard timeout to 0, allowing poll-like behavior. b. The value of SYS_INPUTRC (configurable at compilation time) is now used as the default last-ditch startup file. c. The history file reading functions now allow windows-like \r\n line terminators. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-release, and the previous version, bash-3.1-rc2. 1. Changes to Readline a. Several changes to the multibyte redisplay code to fix problems with prompts containing invisible characters. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-rc2, and the previous version, bash-3.1-rc1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a bug that caused a DEBUG trap to overwrite a command string that's eventually attached to a background job. b. Changed some code so that filenames with leading tildes with spaces in the name aren't tilde-expanded by the bash completion code. c. Fixed a bug that caused the pushd builtin to fail to change to directories with leading `-'. d. Fixed a small memory leak in the programmable completion code. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a redisplay bug caused by moving the cursor vertically to a line with invisible characters in the prompt in a multibyte locale. b. Fixed a bug that could cause the terminal special chars to be bound in the wrong keymap in vi mode. 3. New Features in Bash a. If compiled for strict POSIX conformance, LINES and COLUMNS may now override the true terminal size. 4. New Features in Readline a. A new external application-controllable variable that allows the LINES and COLUMNS environment variables to set the window size regardless of what the kernel returns. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-rc1, and the previous version, bash-3.1-beta1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a bug that could cause core dumps due to accessing the current pipeline while in the middle of modifying it. b. Fixed a bug that caused pathnames with backslashes still quoting characters to be passed to opendir(). c. Command word completion now obeys the setting of completion-ignore-case. d. Fixed a problem with redirection that caused file descriptors greater than 2 to be inappropriately marked as close-on-exec. e. In Posix mode, after `wait' is called to wait for a particular process explicitly, that process is removed from the list of processes known to the shell, and subsequent attempts to wait for it return errors. f. Fixed a bug that caused extended pattern matching to incorrectly scan backslash-escaped pattern characters. g. Fixed a synchronization problem that could cause core dumps when handling a SIGWINCH. h. Fixed a bug that caused an unmatched backquote to be accepted without an error when processing here documents. i. Fixed a small memory leak in the `cd' builtin. j. Fix for MacOS X so it gets the values for the HOSTTYPE, MACHTYPE, and OSTYPE variables at build time, to support universal binaries. k. Fixed a bug that could cause an exit trap to return the exit status of the trap command rather than the status as it was before the trap was run as the shell's exit status. 2. New Features in Bash 3. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a bug that caused reversing the incremental search direction to not work correctly. b. Fixed the vi-mode `U' command to only undo up to the first time insert mode was entered, as Posix specifies. c. Fixed a bug in the vi-mode `r' command that left the cursor in the wrong place. 4. New Features in Readline a. New application-callable auxiliary function, rl_variable_value, returns a string corresponding to a readline variable's value. b. When parsing inputrc files and variable binding commands, the parser strips trailing whitespace from values assigned to boolean variables before checking them. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-beta1, and the previous version, bash-3.1-alpha1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Added some system-specific signal names. b. Fixed a typo in the ulimit builtin to make `x' the right option to maniuplate the limit on file locks. c. Fixed a problem with using += to append to index 0 of an array variable when not using subscript syntax. d. A few changes to configure.in to remove calls to obsolete or outdated macros. e. Make sure changes to variables bash handles specially (e.g., LC_ALL) are made when the variable is set in the temporary environment to a command. f. Make sure changes to variables bash handles specially (e.g., LC_ALL) are made when the variable is modified using `printf -v'. g. The export environment is now remade on cygwin when HOME is changed, so DLLs bash is linked against pick up the new value. This fixes problems with tilde expansion when linking against and already-installed readline. h. Small fix to the logic for performing tilde expansion in posix mode, so expansion on the right-hand side of an assignment statement takes place. i. Fixed a bug that prevented redirections associated with a shell function from being executed when in a subshell. j. Fixed `source' and `.' builtins to not require an executable file when searching $PATH for a file to source. k. Fixed a bug that caused incorrect word splitting in a function when IFS was declared local, then unset. l. Fixed a problem with the `kill' builtin that prevented sending signals to a process group under certain circumstances when providing a pid < 0. m. When in POSIX mode, `pwd' now checks that the value it prints is the same directory as `.', even when displaying $PWD. n. Fixed a problem with the `read' builtin when reading a script from standard input and reading data from the same file. o. Fixed a problem with the `type' and `command' builtins that caused absolute pathnames to be displayed incorrectly. p. Some changes to the `bg' builtin for POSIX conformance. q. The `fc' builtin now removes the `fc' command that caused it to invoke an editor on specified history entries from the history entirely, rather than simply ignoring it. r. When in POSIX mode, the `v' command in vi editing mode simply invokes vi on the current command, rather than checking $FCEDIT and $EDITOR. s. Fixed a small memory leak in the pathname canonicalization code. t. Fixed a bug that caused the expanded value of a $'...' string to be incorrectly re-quoted if it occurred within a double-quoted ${...} parameter expansion. u. Restored default emacs-mode key binding of M-TAB to dynamic-complete-history. v. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when interrupting loops running builtins on some systems. w. Make sure that some of the functions bash provides replacements for are not cpp defines. x. The code that scans embedded commands for the parser (`...` and $(...)) is now more aware of embedded comments and their effect on quoted strings. y. Changed the `-n' option to the `history' builtin to not reset the number of history lines read in the current session after reading the new lines from the history file if the history is being appended when it is written to the file, since the appending takes care of the problem that the adjustment was intended to solve. z. Improved the error message displayed when a shell script fails to execute because the environment and size of command line arguments are too large. aa. A small fix to make sure that $HISTCMD is evaluated whenever the shell is saving commands to the history list, not just when HISTSIZE is defined. 2. Changes to Readline a. The `change-case' command now correctly changes the case of multibyte characters. b. Changes to the shared library construction scripts to deal with Windows DLL naming conventions for Cygwin. c. Fixed the redisplay code to avoid core dumps resulting from a poorly-timed SIGWINCH. d. Fixed the non-incremental search code in vi mode to dispose of any current undo list when copying a line from the history into the current editing buffer. e. The variable assignment code now ignores whitespace at the end of lines when assigning to boolean variables. f. The `C-w' binding in incremental search now understands multibyte characters. 3. New Features in Bash a. A new configuration option, `--enable-strict-posix-default', which will build bash to be POSIX conforming by default. 4. New Features in Readline a. If the rl_completion_query_items is set to a value < 0, readline never asks the user whether or not to view the possible completions. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.1-alpha1, and the previous version, bash-3.0-release. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a bug that caused bash to crash if referencing an unset local array. b. Fixed a problem that caused tilde expansion to not be performed before attempting globbing word completion. c. Fixed an incompatibility so that a first argument to trap that's a valid signal number will be trated as a signal rather than a command to execute. d. Fixed ${#word} expansion to correctly compute the length of a string containing multibyte characters. e. Fixed a bug that caused bash to not pass the correct flags for signal disposition to child processes. f. Fixed a bug that caused `fc -l' to list one too many history entries. g. Some fixes to `fc' for POSIX conformance. h. Some fixes to job status display for POSIX conformance. i. Fixed a bug that caused `command -v' to display output if a command was not found -- it should be silent. j. In POSIX mode, `type' and `command -[vV]' do not report non-executable files, even if the shell will attempt to execute them. k. Fixed a bug that caused the `==' operator to the [[ command to not attempt extended pattern matching. l. Fixed the brace expansion code to handle characters whose value exceeds 128. m. Fixed `printf' to handle strings with a leading `\0' whose length is non-zero. n. Fixed a couple of problems with brace expansion where `${' was handled incorrectly. o. Fixed off-by-one error when calculating the upper bound of `offset' when processing the ${array[@]:offset:length} expansion. p. System-specific configuration changes for: FreeBSD 5.x, Interix, MacOS X 10.4, Linux 2.4+ kernels, Linux 3.x kernels, Dragonfly BSD, QNX 6.x, Cygwin q. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to ignore the status of the rightmost command in a pipeline when the `pipefail' option was enabled. r. Fixed a completion bug that caused core dumps when expanding a directory name. s. Fixed a bug that prevented `hash -d' from removing commands from the hash table. t. Fixed word splitting to avoid really bad quadratic performance when expanding long lists. u. Fixed a bug that caused negative offsets in substring expansion to use the wrong values. v. Fixed a bug in printf that caused it to not return failure on write errors. w. Fixed a bug that caused commands in subshells to not be properly timed. x. The shell parser no longer attempts to parse a compound assignment specially unless in a position where an assignment statement is acceptable or parsing arguments to a builtin that accepts assignment statements. y. Fixed a problem that caused a `case' statement to be added to the history incorrectly as a single command if the `case word' was on one line and the `in' on another. z. Fixed a problem that caused internal shell quoting characters to be incorrectly quoted with backslashes under some circumstances. aa. The shell now performs correct word splitting when IFS contains multibyte characters. bb. The mail checking code now resets the cached file information if the size drops to 0, even if the times don't change. cc. A completed command name that is found in $PATH as well as the name of a directory in the current directory no longer has a slash appended in certain circumstances: a single instance found in $PATH when `.' is not in $PATH, and multiple instances found in $PATH, even when `.' is in $PATH. dd. Incorporated tilde expansion into the word expansion code rather than as a separately-called function, fixing some cases where it was performed inappropriately (e.g., after the second `=' in an assignment statement or in a double-quoted parameter expansion). ee. Fixed several bugs encountered when parsing compound assignment statements, so that compound assignments appearing as arguments to builtins are no longer double-expanded. ff. Fixed a bug in the command execution code that caused asynchronous commands containing command substitutions to not put the terminal in the wrong process group. gg. Bash now handles the case where the WCONTINUED flag causes waitpid() to return -1/EINVAL at runtime as well as configuration time. hh. Fixed parser to generate an error when the pipeline `argument' to `!' or `time' is NULL. ii. The shell now takes a little more care when manipulating file descriptors greater than 9 with the `exec' builtin. jj. Fixed a bug that caused variable assignments preceding the `command' builtin preceding a special builtin to be preserved after the command completed in POSIX mode. kk. Fixed a bug that allowed variables beginning with a digit to be created. ll. Fixed a bug that caused a \ to be removed when parsing a $'...' construct. mm. A shell whose name begins with `-' will now be a restricted shell if the remainder of the name indicates it should be restricted. nn. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump if FUNCNAME were changed or unset during a function's execution. oo. Fixed a bug that caused executing a `return' in a function to not execute a RETURN trap. The RETURN trap is inherited by shell functions only if function tracing is globally enabled or has been enabled for that function. pp. Fixed cases where var[@] was not handled exactly like var, when var is a scalar variable. qq. Fixed a bug that caused the first character after a SIGINT to be discarded under certain circumstances. rr. Fixed exit status code so that a suspended job returns 128+signal as its exit status (preventing commands after it in `&&' lists from being executed). ss. Fixed a bug that caused the shell parser state to be changed by executing a shell function as a result of word completion. tt. Fixed a long-standing bug that caused '\177' characters in variable values to be discarded when expanded in double-quoted strings. uu. Fixed a bug that caused $RANDOM to be re-seeded multiple times in a subshell environment. vv. Extensive changes to the job management code to avoid the pid-reuse and pid-aliasing problems caused by retaining the exit status of too many jobs, but still retain as many background job statuses as POSIX requires. ww. Fixed a parser bug in processing \ that caused things like ((echo 5) \ (echo 6)) to not work correctly. xx. `pwd -P' now sets $PWD to a directory name containing no symbolic links when in posix mode, as POSIX requires. yy. In posix mode, bash no longer sets $PWD to a name containing no symbolic links if a directory is chosen from $CDPATH. zz. The word splitting code now treats an IFS character that is not space, tab, or newline and any adjacent IFS white space as a single delimiter, as SUSv3/XPG6 require. aaa. The `read' builtin now checks whether or not the number of fields read is exactly the same as the number of variables instead of just assigning the rest of the line (minus any trailing IFS white space) to the last variable. This is what POSIX/SUS/XPG all require. bbb. Fixed a bug that caused `read' to always check whether or not fd 0 was a pipe, even when reading from another file descriptor. ccc. Fixed a bug that caused short-circuiting of execution even if the return value was being inverted. ddd. Fixed a bug that caused a core dump while decoding \W escapes in PS1 if PWD was unset. eee. Fixed a bug in `read' that counted internal quoting characters for the purposes of `read -n'. fff. Fixed a bug so that a function definition in a pipeline causes a child process to be forked at the right time. ggg. Bash will not attempt to link against a readline library that doesn't have rl_gnu_readline_p == 1. hhh. Fixed a bug that caused `read' to consume one too many characters when reading a fixed number of characters and the Nth character is a backslash. iii. Fixed a bug that caused `unset' on variables in the temporary environment to leave them set when `unset' completed. jjj. Fixed a bug that caused bash to close fd 2 if an `exec' failed and the shell didn't exit. kkk. The completion code is more careful to not turn `/' or `///' into `//', for those systems on which `//' has special meaning. lll. Fixed a bug that caused command substitution in asynchronous commands to close the wrong file descriptors. mmm. The shell no longer prints status messages about terminated background processes unless job control is active. nnn. Fixed a bug that prevented multiple consecutive invocations of `history -s' from adding all the commands to the history list. ooo. Added a couple of changes to make arithmetic expansion more consistent in all its contexts (still not perfect). ppp. Fixed a bug that caused the parser to occasionally not find the right terminating "`" in an old-style command substitution. qqq. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when the shell was reading its non- interactive input from fd 0 and fd 0 was duplicated and restored using a combination of `exec' (to save) and redirection (to restore). rrr. Fixed a problem that caused loops in sourced scripts to not be cleaned up properly when a `return' is executed. sss. Change internal command substitution completion function to append a slash to directory names in the command. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a bug that caused multiliine prompts to be wrapped and displayed incorrectly. b. Fixed a bug that caused ^P/^N in emacs mode to fail to display the current line correctly. c. Fixed a problem in computing the number of invisible characters on the first line of a prompt whose length exceeds the screen width. d. Fixed vi-mode searching so that failure preserves the current line rather than the last line in the history list. e. Fixed the vi-mode `~' command (change-case) to have the correct behavior at end-of-line when manipulating multibyte characters. f. Fixed the vi-mode `r' command (change-char) to have the correct behavior at end-of-line when manipulating multibyte characters. g. Fixed multiple bugs in the redisplay of multibyte characters: displaying prompts longer than the screen width containing multibyte characters, h. Fix the calculation of the number of physical characters in the prompt string when it contains multibyte characters. i. A non-zero value for the `rl_complete_suppress_append' variable now causes no `/' to be appended to a directory name. j. Fixed forward-word and backward-word to work when words contained multibyte characters. k. Fixed a bug in finding the delimiter of a `?' substring when performing history expansion in a locale that supports multibyte characters. l. Fixed a memory leak caused by not freeing the timestamp in a history entry. m. Fixed a bug that caused "\M-x" style key bindings to not obey the setting of the `convert-meta' variable. n. Fixed saving and restoring primary prompt when prompting for incremental and non-incremental searches; search prompts now display multibyte characters correctly. o. Fixed a bug that caused keys originally bound to self-insert but shadowed by a multi-character key sequence to not be inserted. p. Fixed code so rl_prep_term_function and rl_deprep_term_function aren't dereferenced if NULL (matching the documentation). q. Extensive changes to readline to add enough state so that commands requiring additional characters (searches, multi-key sequences, numeric arguments, commands requiring an additional specifier character like vi-mode change-char, etc.) work without synchronously waiting for additional input. r. Lots of changes so readline builds and runs on MinGW. s. Readline no longer tries to modify the terminal settings when running in callback mode. t. The Readline display code no longer sets the location of the last invisible character in the prompt if the \[\] sequence is empty. 3. New Features in Bash a. Bash now understands LC_TIME as a special variable so that time display tracks the current locale. b. BASH_ARGC, BASH_ARGV, BASH_SOURCE, and BASH_LINENO are no longer created as `invisible' variables and may not be unset. c. In POSIX mode, if `xpg_echo' option is enabled, the `echo' builtin doesn't try to interpret any options at all, as POSIX requires. d. The `bg' builtin now accepts multiple arguments, as POSIX seems to specify. e. Fixed vi-mode word completion and glob expansion to perform tilde expansion. f. The `**' mathematic exponentiation operator is now right-associative. g. The `ulimit' builtin has new options: -i (max number of pending signals), -q (max size of POSIX message queues), and -x (max number of file locks). h. A bare `%' once again expands to the current job when used as a job specifier. i. The `+=' assignment operator (append to the value of a string or array) is now supported for assignment statements and arguments to builtin commands that accept assignment statements. j. BASH_COMMAND now preserves its value when a DEBUG trap is executed. k. The `gnu_errfmt' option is enabled automatically if the shell is running in an emacs terminal window. l. New configuration option: --single-help-strings. Causes long help text to be written as a single string; intended to ease translation. m. The COMP_WORDBREAKS variable now causes the list of word break characters to be emptied when the variable is unset. n. An unquoted expansion of $* when $IFS is empty now causes the positional parameters to be concatenated if the expansion doesn't undergo word splitting. o. Bash now inherits $_ from the environment if it appears there at startup. p. New shell option: nocasematch. If non-zero, shell pattern matching ignores case when used by `case' and `[[' commands. q. The `printf' builtin takes a new option: -v var. That causes the output to be placed into var instead of on stdout. r. By default, the shell no longer reports processes dying from SIGPIPE. s. Bash now sets the extern variable `environ' to the export environment it creates, so C library functions that call getenv() (and can't use the shell-provided replacement) get current values of environment variables. 4. New Features in Readline a. The key sequence sent by the keypad `delete' key is now automatically bound to delete-char. b. A negative argument to menu-complete now cycles backward through the completion list. c. A new bindable readline variable: bind-tty-special-chars. If non-zero, readline will bind the terminal special characters to their readline equivalents when it's called (on by default). d. New bindable command: vi-rubout. Saves deleted text for possible reinsertion, as with any vi-mode `text modification' command; `X' is bound to this in vi command mode. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-release, and the previous version, bash-3.0-rc1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a boundary overrun that could cause segmentation faults when the completion code hands an incomplete construct to the word expansion functions. b. Changed posix mode behavior so that an error in a variable assignment preceding a special builtin causes a non-interactive shell to exit. c. Change the directory expansion portion of the completion code to not expand embedded command substitutions if the directory name appears in the file system. d. Fixed a problem that caused `bash -r' to turn on restrictions before reading the startup files. e. Fixed a problem with the default operation of the `umask' builtin. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a problem with readline saving the contents of the current line before beginning a non-interactive search. b. Fixed a problem with EOF detection when using rl_event_hook. c. Fixed a problem with the vi mode `p' and `P' commands ignoring numeric arguments. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-rc1, and the previous version, bash-3.0-beta1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a bug that caused incorrect behavior when referecing element 0 of an array using $array, element 0 was unset, and `set -u' was enabled. b. System-specific changes for: SCO Unix 3.2, Tandem. c. Fixed a bug that caused inappropriate word splitting when a variable was expanded within a double-quoted string that also included $@. d. Fixed a bug that caused `pwd' to not display anything in physical mode when the file system had changed underneath the shell. e. Fixed a bug in the pre- and post- increment and decrement parsing in the expression evaluator that caused errors when the operands and corresponding operators were separated by whitespace. f. Fixed a bug that caused `history -p' to add an entry to the history list, counter to the documentation. (Keeps the history expansions invoked by emacs-mode command line editing from doing that as well.) g. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump if `cd' is asked to print out a pathname longer than PATH_MAX characters. h. Fixed a bug that caused jobs to be put into the wrong process group under some circumstances after enabling job control with `set -m'. i. `unalias' now returns failure if no alias name arguments are supplied. j. Documented the characters not allowed to appear in an alias name. k. $* is no longer expanded as if in double quotes when it appears in the body of a here document, as the SUS seems to require. l. The `bashbug' script now uses a directory in $TMPDIR for exclusive access rather than trying to guess how the underlying OS provides for secure temporary file creation. m. Fixed a few problems with `cd' and `pwd' when asked to operate on pathnames longer than PATH_MAX characters. n. Fixed a memory leak caused when creating multiple local array variables with identical names. o. Fixed a problem with calls to getcwd() so that bash now operates better when the full pathname to the current directory is longer than PATH_MAX bytes. p. The `trap' builtin now reports an error if a single non-signal argument is specified. q. Fixed a bug that caused `umask' to not work correctly when presented with a mask of all 0s. r. When `getopts' reaches the end of options, OPTARG is unset, as POSIX appears to specify. s. Interactive mode now depends on whether or not stdin and stderr are connected to a tty; formerly it was stdin and stdout. POSIX requires this. t. Fixed vi-mode completion to work more as POSIX specifies (e.g., doing the right kind of filename generation). 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a problem that could cause readline to refer to freed memory when moving between history lines while doing searches. b. Improvements to the code that expands and displays prompt strings containing multibyte characters. c. Fixed a problem with vi-mode not correctly remembering the numeric argument to the last `c'hange command for later use with `.'. d. Fixed a bug in vi-mode that caused multi-digit count arguments to work incorrectly. e. Fixed a problem in vi-mode that caused the last text modification command to not be remembered across different command lines. f. Fixed problems with changing characters and changing case at the end of the line. 3. New Features in Bash a. The `jobs', `kill', and `wait' builtins now accept job control notation even if job control is not enabled. b. The historical behavior of `trap' that allows a missing `action' argument to cause each specified signal's handling to be reset to its default is now only supported when `trap' is given a single non-option argument. 4. New Features in Readline a. When listing completions, directories have a `/' appended if the `mark-directories' option has been enabled. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-beta1, and the previous version, bash-3.0-alpha. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixes to build correctly when arrays are not compiled into the shell. b. Fixed command substitution to run any exit trap defined in the command substitution before returning; the exit trap is not inherited from the calling shell. c. Fixes to process group synchronization code so that every child process attempts to set the terminal's process group; fixes some synchronization problems on Linux kernels that schedule the child to always run before the parent. d. Fixed processing of octal and hex constants in printf builtin for POSIX.2 compliance. e. Fixed a couple of core dumps in the pattern removal code. f. Fixes to the array subrange extraction code to deal better with sparse arrays. g. Parser errors and other errors that result in the shell exiting now cause the exit trap to be run. h. Change the command substitution completion functions to not append any closing quote, because it would be inserted a closing "`" or ")". i. Fix history initialization so assignments to $histchars made in startup files are honored. j. If an exit trap does not contain a call to `exit', the shell now uses the exit status of the last command executed before the trap as the exit status of the shell. k. The parser now prompts with $PS2 if it reads a newline while parsing a compound array assignment statement. l. When performing a compound array assignment, the parser doesn't treat words of the form [index]=value as assignments if they're the result of expansions. m. Fixed a bug that caused `return' executed in a trap command to make the shell think it was still running the trap. n. Fixed the value of errno set by the pathname canonicalization functions. o. Changed the grammar so that `time' alone on a line times a null command rather than being a syntax error. p. The pattern substitution code no longer performs quote removal on the pattern before trying to match it, as the pattern removal functions do. q. Fixed a bug that could cause core dumps when checking whether a quoted command name was being completed. r. Fixes to the pattern removal and pattern replacement expansions to deal with multibyte characters better (and faster). s. Fix to the substring expansion (${param:off[:len]}) to deal with (possibly multibyte) characters instead of raw bytes. t. Fixed a bug that caused some key bindings set in an inputrc to be ignored at shell startup. u. Fixed a bug that caused unsetting a local variable within a function to not work correctly. v. Fixed a bug that caused invalid variables to be created when using `read -a'. w. Fixed a bug that caused "$@" to expand incorrectly when used as the right hand side of a parameter expansion such as ${word:="$@"} if the first character of $IFS was not a space. x. Fixed a slight cosmetic problem when printing commands containing a `>&word' redirection. y. Fixed a problem that could cause here documents to not be created correctly if the system temporary directory did not allow writing. 2. Changes to Readline a. Change to history expansion functions to treat `^' as equivalent to word one, as the documention states. b. Some changes to the display code to improve display and redisplay of multibyte characters. c. Changes to speed up the multibyte character redisplay code. d. Fixed a bug in the vi-mode `E' command that caused it to skip over the last character of a word if invoked while point was on the word's next-to-last character. e. Fixed a bug that could cause incorrect filename quoting when case-insensitive completion was enabled and the word being completed contained backslashes quoting word break characters. f. Fixed a bug in redisplay triggered when the prompt string contains invisible characters. g. Fixed some display (and other) bugs encountered in multibyte locales when a non-ascii character was the last character on a line. h. Fixed some display bugs caused by multibyte characters in prompt strings. i. Fixed a problem with history expansion caused by non-whitespace characters used as history word delimiters. 3. New Features in Bash a. printf builtin understands two new escape sequences: \" and \?. b. `echo -e' understands two new escape sequences: \" and \?. c. The GNU `gettext' package and libintl have been integrated; the shell's messages can be translated into different languages. d. The `\W' prompt expansion now abbreviates $HOME as `~', like `\w'. e. The error message printed when bash cannot open a shell script supplied as argument 1 now includes the name of the shell, to better identify the error as coming from bash. 4. New Features in Readline a. New application variable, rl_completion_quote_character, set to any quote character readline finds before it calls the application completion function. b. New application variable, rl_completion_suppress_quote, settable by an application completion function. If set to non-zero, readline does not attempt to append a closing quote to a completed word. c. New application variable, rl_completion_found_quote, set to a non-zero value if readline determines that the word to be completed is quoted. Set before readline calls any application completion function. d. New function hook, rl_completion_word_break_hook, called when readline needs to break a line into words when completion is attempted. Allows the word break characters to vary based on position in the line. e. New bindable command: unix-filename-rubout. Does the same thing as unix-word-rubout, but adds `/' to the set of word delimiters. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-3.0-alpha, and the previous version, bash-2.05b-release. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixes so that the shell will compile without some of the default options defined. b. Fixed an error message that did not pass enough arguments to printf. c. Fixed a bug that caused input redirection to a builtin inside a script being read from standard input to result in the rest of the already- read and buffered script to be discarded. d. Fixed a bug that caused subshell initialization to close the file descriptor from which the shell was reading a script under certain circumstances. e. Fixed a bug that caused the shell to not advance a string pointer over a null wide character when doing string operations. f. Fixed the internal logout code so that shells that time out waiting for input (using $TMOUT) run ~/.bash_logout. g. Portability and configuration changes for: cygwin, HP/UX, GNU/FreeBSD. h. The parser no longer adds implicit double quotes to ((...)) arithmetic commands. i. The ((...)) arithmetic command evaluation code was fixed to not dump core when the expanded string is null. j. The ((...)) arithmetic command evaluation code was fixed to not perform variable assignments while expanding the expression. k. Fixed a bug that caused word splitting to be performed incorrectly when IFS is set, but null. l. Fixed a bug in brace expansion that caused a quoted `$' preceding an open brace to inhibit brace expansion. m. Fixed a bug that caused a leading `-' in the shell's name to cause it to not be recognized as a restricted shell. n. Fixed a bug in the arithmetic evaluation code that could cause longjmps to an invalid location and result in a core dump. o. Fixed a bug in the calculation of how many history lines are new in a single shell session when reading new history lines from a file with `history -n'. p. Fixed a bug in pathname canonicalization that caused the shell to dump core when presented with a pathname longer than PATH_MAX. q. Fixed the parser so that it doesn't try to compare a char variable to EOF, which fails when chars are unsigned. r. Fixed a bug in the simple command execution code that caused occasional core dumps. s. The shell does a better job of saving any partial parsing state during operations which cause a command to be executed while a line is being entered and parsed. t. The completion code now splits words more like the expansion code when $IFS is used to split. u. The locale code does a better job of recomputing the various locale variable values when LC_ALL is unset. v. The programmable completion code does a better job of dequoting expanded word lists before comparing them against the word to be matched. w. The shell no longer seg faults if the expanded value of $PS4 is null and `set -x' is enabled. x. Fixed a bug that caused core dumps when a here string expanded to NULL. y. The mail checking code now makes sure the mailbox is bigger before reporting the existence of new mail. z. The parser does not try to expand $'...' and $"..." when the appear within double quotes unless the `extquote' option has been enabled with `shopt'. For backwards compatibility, it is enabled by default. aa. Fixed a bug that caused `for x; do ...' and `select x; do ... to use $@ instead of "$@" for the implicit list of arguments. bb. Fixed a bug that caused a subshell of a restricted shell (e.g., one spawned to execute a pipeline) to not exit immediately if attempting to use a command containing a slash. cc. Fixed a problem with empty replacements for a pattern that doesn't match when performing ${param/word/} expansion. dd. Word expansions performed while expanding redirections no longer search a command's temporary environment to expand variable values. ee. Improvements to the alias expansion code when expanding subsequent words because an aliase's value ends with a space. ff. `cd -' now prints the current working directory after a successful chdir even when the shell is not interactive, as the standard requires. gg. The shell does a better job of ensuring a child process dies of SIGINT before resending SIGINT to itself. hh. The arithmetic expansion variable assignment code now does the right thing when assigning to `special' variables like OPTIND. ii. When history expansion verification is enabled, the bash readline helper functions that do history expansion on the current line don't print the results. jj. Fixed bugs with multiple consecutive alias expansion when one of the expansions ends with a space. kk. Fixed a problem in the programmable completion code that could cause core dumps when trying to initialize a set of possible completions from a list of variables. ll. The \[ and \] escape characters are now ignored when decoding the prompt string if the shell is started with editing disabled. mm. Fixed a bug that could leave extra characters in a string when doing quoted null character removal. nn. Command substitution and other subshell operations no longer reset the line number (aids the bash debugger). oo. Better line number management when executing simple commands, conditional commands, for commands, and select commands. pp. The globbing code now uses malloc, with its better failure properties, rather than alloca(). qq. Fixed a bug that caused expansions like #{a[2]:=value} to create the appropriate array element instead of a variable named `a[2]'. rr. Fixed a bug in the handling of a `?(...)' pattern immediately following a `*' when extglob is enabled. ss. Fixed a bug that caused a `return' invoked in an exit trap when exit is invoked in a function to misbehave. tt. Fixed a bug that caused CTLESC and CTLNUL characters to not be escaped by the internal shell string quoting functions. uu. Fixed a bug that caused quoted null characters in an expanded word list to be inappropriately assigned to an array variable when using `read -a'. vv. Fixed a bug that caused redirections accompanying a null command to persist in the current shell. ww. Fixed a bug that caused the prompt to be printed when the shell was expanding a multiline alias. xx. Fixed a bug that resulted in core dumps when the completion for a command changed the compspec. yy. Fixed a bug that caused evaluation of programmable completions to print notifications of completed jobs. zz. Bash now disables line editing when $EMACS == `t' and $TERM == `dumb' (which is what emacs shell windows do). aaa. In posix mode, `kill -l' causes signal names to be displayed without a leading `SIG'. bbb. Clear error flag on standard output so it doesn't persist across multiple builtin commands. ccc. In posix mode, `alias' displays alias values without the leading `alias', so the output cannot be used as subsequent input. ddd. In posix mode, the `trap' builtin doesn't check whether or not its first argument is a signal specification and revert the signal handling to its original disposition if it is. eee. Fixed several bugs in the handling of "$*" and "${array[*]}" by the pattern substitution and removal expansions. fff. Fixed several problems with the handling of ${array[@]}, ${array[*]}, $@, and $* by the indirect variable expansion code. ggg. Fixed a bug that did not allow `time' to be aliased. hhh. Improved the mail checking code so it won't check (and possibly cause an NFS file system mount) until MAILPATH or MAIL is given a value -- there is no default if DEFAULT_MAIL_DIRECTORY is not defined at compile time. (It is computed by configure, but can be #undef'd in config-bot.h.) iii. If the `chkwinsize' option is enabled, the shell checks for window size changes if a child process exits due to a signal. jjj. Removed the attempts to avoid adding a slash at the end of a completed executable name if there was a directory with the same name in the current directory. kkk. Fixed PATH lookup code so it treats the permission bits separately for owner, group, and other, rather than checking them all. lll. Fixed the locale code to reset the parser's idea of the character class , which controls how it splits tokens, when the locale changes. mmm. The shell now binds its special readline functions and key bindings only if the user's inputrc file has not already bound them. nnn. The shell now reports on processes that dump core due to signals when invoked as `-c command'. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixes to avoid core dumps because of null pointer references in the multibyte character code. b. Fix to avoid infinite recursion caused by certain key combinations. c. Fixed a bug that caused the vi-mode `last command' to be set incorrectly. d. Readline no longer tries to read ahead more than one line of input, even when more is available. e. Fixed the code that adjusts the point to not mishandle null wide characters. f. Fixed a bug in the history expansion `g' modifier that caused it to skip every other match. g. Fixed a bug that caused the prompt to overwrite previous output when the output doesn't contain a newline and the locale supports multibyte characters. This same change fixes the problem of readline redisplay slowing down dramatically as the line gets longer in multibyte locales. h. History traversal with arrow keys in vi insertion mode causes the cursor to be placed at the end of the new line, like in emacs mode. i. The locale initialization code does a better job of using the right precedence and defaulting when checking the appropriate environment variables. j. Fixed the history word tokenizer to handle <( and >( better when used as part of bash. k. The overwrite mode code received several bug fixes to improve undo. l. Many speedups to the multibyte character redisplay code. m. The callback character reading interface should not hang waiting to read keyboard input. n. Fixed a bug with redoing vi-mode `s' command. o. The code that initializes the terminal tracks changes made to the terminal special characters with stty(1) (or equivalent), so that these changes are reflected in the readline bindings. New application-callable function to make it work: rl_tty_unset_default_bindings(). p. Fixed a bug that could cause garbage to be inserted in the buffer when changing character case in vi mode when using a multibyte locale. q. Fixed a bug in the redisplay code that caused problems on systems supporting multibyte characters when moving between history lines when the new line has more glyphs but fewer bytes. r. Undo and redo now work better after exiting vi insertion mode. s. Make sure system calls are restarted after a SIGWINCH is received using SA_RESTART. t. Improvements to the code that displays possible completions when using multibyte characters. u. Fixed a problem when parsing nested if statements in inputrc files. v. The completer now takes multibyte characters into account when looking for quoted substrings on which to perform completion. w. The history search functions now perform better bounds checking on the history list. 3. New Features in Bash a. ANSI string expansion now implements the \x{hexdigits} escape. b. There is a new loadable `strftime' builtin. c. New variable, COMP_WORDBREAKS, which controls the readline completer's idea of word break characters. d. The `type' builtin no longer reports on aliases unless alias expansion will actually be performed. e. HISTCONTROL is now a colon-separated list of values, which permits more extensibility and backwards compatibility. f. HISTCONTROL may now include the `erasedups' option, which causes all lines matching a line being added to be removed from the history list. g. `configure' has a new `--enable-multibyte' argument that permits multibyte character support to be disabled even on systems that support it. h. New variables to support the bash debugger: BASH_ARGC, BASH_ARGV, BASH_SOURCE, BASH_LINENO, BASH_SUBSHELL, BASH_EXECUTION_STRING, BASH_COMMAND i. FUNCNAME has been changed to support the debugger: it's now an array variable. j. for, case, select, arithmetic commands now keep line number information for the debugger. k. There is a new `RETURN' trap executed when a function or sourced script returns (not inherited child processes; inherited by command substitution if function tracing is enabled and the debugger is active). l. New invocation option: --debugger. Enables debugging and turns on new `extdebug' shell option. m. New `functrace' and `errtrace' options to `set -o' cause DEBUG and ERR traps, respectively, to be inherited by shell functions. Equivalent to `set -T' and `set -E' respectively. The `functrace' option also controls whether or not the DEBUG trap is inherited by sourced scripts. n. The DEBUG trap is run before binding the variable and running the action list in a `for' command, binding the selection variable and running the query in a `select' command, and before attempting a match in a `case' command. o. New `--enable-debugger' option to `configure' to compile in the debugger support code. p. `declare -F' now prints out extra line number and source file information if the `extdebug' option is set. q. If `extdebug' is enabled, a non-zero return value from a DEBUG trap causes the next command to be skipped, and a return value of 2 while in a function or sourced script forces a `return'. r. New `caller' builtin to provide a call stack for the bash debugger. s. The DEBUG trap is run just before the first command in a function body is executed, for the debugger. t. `for', `select', and `case' command heads are printed when `set -x' is enabled. u. There is a new {x..y} brace expansion, which is shorthand for {x.x+1, x+2,...,y}. x and y can be integers or single characters; the sequence may ascend or descend; the increment is always 1. v. New ksh93-like ${!array[@]} expansion, expands to all the keys (indices) of array. w. New `force_fignore' shopt option; if enabled, suffixes specified by FIGNORE cause words to be ignored when performing word completion even if they're the only possibilities. x. New `gnu_errfmt' shopt option; if enabled, error messages follow the `gnu style' (filename:lineno:message) format. y. New `-o bashdefault' option to complete and compgen; if set, causes the whole set of bash completions to be performed if the compspec doesn't result in a match. z. New `-o plusdirs' option to complete and compgen; if set, causes directory name completion to be performed and the results added to the rest of the possible completions. aa. `kill' is available as a builtin even when the shell is built without job control. bb. New HISTTIMEFORMAT variable; value is a format string to pass to strftime(3). If set and not null, the `history' builtin prints out timestamp information according to the specified format when displaying history entries. If set, bash tells the history library to write out timestamp information when the history file is written. cc. The [[ ... ]] command has a new binary `=~' operator that performs extended regular expression (egrep-like) matching. dd. `configure' has a new `--enable-cond-regexp' option (enabled by default) to enable the =~ operator and regexp matching in [[ ... ]]. ee. Subexpressions matched by the =~ operator are placed in the new BASH_REMATCH array variable. ff. New `failglob' option that causes an expansion error when pathname expansion fails to produce a match. gg. New `set -o pipefail' option that causes a pipeline to return a failure status if any of the processes in the pipeline fail, not just the last one. 4. New Features in Readline a. History expansion has a new `a' modifier equivalent to the `g' modifier for compatibility with the BSD csh. b. History expansion has a new `G' modifier equivalent to the BSD csh `g' modifier, which performs a substitution once per word. c. All non-incremental search operations may now undo the operation of replacing the current line with the history line. d. The text inserted by an `a' command in vi mode can be reinserted with `.'. e. New bindable variable, `show-all-if-unmodified'. If set, the readline completer will list possible completions immediately if there is more than one completion and partial completion cannot be performed. f. There is a new application-callable `free_history_entry()' function. g. History list entries now contain timestamp information; the history file functions know how to read and write timestamp information associated with each entry. h. Four new key binding functions have been added: rl_bind_key_if_unbound() rl_bind_key_if_unbound_in_map() rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound() rl_bind_keyseq_if_unbound_in_map() ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-release, and the previous version, bash-2.05b-beta2. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed an off-by-one error in the function that translates job specifications. b. Note that we're running under Emacs and disable line editing if $EMACS == `t'. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-beta2, and the previous version, bash-2.05b-beta1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed the /= and %= arithmetic operators to catch division by zero. b. Added putenv, setenv, unsetenv to getenv replacement for completeness. c. Fixed a bug that could cause the -O expand_aliases invocation option to not take effect. d. Fixed a problem with process substitution that resulted in incorrect behavior when the number of process substitutions in an individual command approached 64. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a problem with backward-char-search when on a system with support for multibyte characters when running in a locale without any multibyte characters. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-beta1, and the previous version, bash-2.05b-alpha1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a problem when parsing a POSIX.2 character class name while evaluating a bracket expression containing multibyte characters. b. Changed the help text for `bind' to make it clear that any command that may be placed in ~/.inputrc is a valid argument to `bind'. c. Added `help' builtin entries for `((', `[[', and arithmetic for. d. malloc updated again: o slightly better overflow and underflow detection by putting the chunk size at the beginning and end of the chunk and making sure they match in free/realloc o partial page allocated to make things page-aligned no longer completely wasted o block coalescing now enabled by default o splitting and coalescing enabled for 32-byte chunks, the most common size requested o fixed a problem that resulted in spurious underflow messages and aborts o bin sizes are precomputed and stored in an array rather than being computed at run time o malloc will return memory blocks back to the system if the block being freed is at the top of the heap and of sufficient size to make it worthwhile o malloc/free/realloc now inline memset instead of calling the libc function; uses Duff's device for good performance e. Check for getservent(); make the service name completion code dependent on its presence. f. Changed the readline callback that executes a command bound to a key sequence to not save the executed command on the history list and to save and restore the parsing state. g. Changes to lib/sh/snprintf.c: fixed some bugs in the `g' and `G' floating point format display; implemented the "'" flag character that turns on thousands' grouping; fixed behavior on systems where MB_CUR_MAX does not evaluate to a constant. h. The `unset' builtin no longer returns a failure status when asked to unset a previously-unset variable or function. i. Changes to the build system to make it easier to cross-compile bash for different systems. j. Added `,' to the characters that are backslash-escaped during filename completion, to avoid problems with complete-into-braces and RCS filenames containing commas. k. Some changes to the multibyte character support code to avoid many calls to strlen(). l. Bash now correctly honors setting LANG to some value when LC_ALL does not already have a value. m. Fixed a bug that could cause SIGSEGV when processing nested traps with trap handlers. n. The `source/.' builtin now restores the positional parameters when it returns unless they were changed using the `set' builtin during the file's execution. o. Fixed a bug that caused a syntax error when a command was terminated by EOF. 2. New Features in Bash a. There is now support for placing the long help text into separate files installed into ${datadir}/bash. Not enabled by default; can be turned on with `--enable-separate-helpfiles' option to configure. b. All builtins that take operands accept a `--' pseudo-option, except `echo'. c. The `echo' builtin now accepts \0xxx (zero to three octal digits following the `0') in addition to \xxx (one to three octal digits) for SUSv3/XPG6/ POSIX.1-2001 compliance. 3. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a small problem in _rl_insert_char with multibyte characters. b. Fixes from IBM for line wrapping problems when using multibyte characters. c. Fixed a problem which caused the display to be messed up when the last line of a multi-line prompt (possibly containing invisible characters) was longer than the screen width. d. Fixed a problem with the vi-mode `r' command that ocurred on systems with support for multibyte characters when running in a locale without any multibyte characters. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05b-alpha1, and the previous version, bash-2.05a-release. 1. Changes to Bash a. Some changes to work around inlining differences between compilers. b. Added more prototypes for internal shell typedefs, to catch argument passing errors when using pointers to functions. c. The `cd' builtin now fails in posix mode when a valid directory cannot be constructed from a relative pathname argument and the $PWD using pathname canonicalization, and the -P option has not been supplied. Previously, the shell would attempt to use what the user typed, leading to weird values for $PWD and discrepancies between the value of $PWD and the actual working directory. d. The `cd' builtin now resets $PWD when canonicalization fails but a chdir to the pathname passed as an argument succeeds (when not in posix mode). e. The `fc' builtin has been fixed, as POSIX requires, to use the closest history position in range when given an out-of-range argument. f. The history file loading code was changed to allow lines to be saved in the history list from the shell startup files. g. `history -s args' now works better in compound commands. h. The tilde expansion code was fixed to better recognize when it's being invoked in an assignment context, which enables expansion after `=' and `:'. i. Fixed the command name completion code so a slash is no longer appended to a single match if there happens to be a directory with that name in $PWD. j. Fixed compound array assignment to no longer perform alias expansion, to allow reserved words as array members, and to not produce extra output when the `-v' option had been enabled. k. Fixed the programmable completion code to better handle newlines in lists of possible completions (e.g., `complete -W'). l. Removed the reserved words from the `bash-builtins' manual page. m. Parser error reporting now attempts to do a better job of identifying the token in error rather than doing straight textual analysis. n. Fixes for Inf/NaN, locales, wide/multibyte characters and zero-length arguments in the library snprintf(3) replacement. o. `read -e' no longer does command name completion on the first word on the line being read. p. `select' now returns failure if the read of the user's selection fails. q. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when setting $PIPESTATUS. r. Fixes to not allocate so many job slots when the shell is running a loop with job control enabled in a subshell of an interactive shell. s. Fixed a bug in the trap code that caused traps to be inherited by command substitutions in some cases. t. Fixed a bug that could cause alias expansion to inappropriately expand the word following the alias. u. Fixed a bug in the `kill' builtin that mishandled negative pid arguments. v. The parser is less lenient when parsing assignment statements where the characters before the `=' don't comprise a valid identifier. w. The arithmetic expression evaluation code now honors the setting of the `-u' option when expanding variable names. x. Fixed the arithmetic evaluation code to allow array subscripts to be assigned (`let b[7]=42') and auto-incremented and auto-decremented (e.g., b[7]++). y. Reimplemented the existing prompt string date and time expansions using strftime(3), which changed the output of \@ in some locales. z. Fixed a bug that could cause a core dump when a special shell variable (like RANDOM) was converted to an array with a variable assignment. aa. Fixed a bug that would reset the handler for a signal the user had trapped to a function that would exit the shell when setting the exit trap in a non-interactive shell. bb. Changed the execve(2) wrapper code to check whether or not a failing command is a directory before looking at whether a `#!' interpreter failed for some reason. cc. Fixed a bug in the command printing code so it no longer inserts a `;' after a newline, which produces a syntax error when reused as input. dd. The code that expands $PS4 no longer inherits the `-x' flag. ee. The bash-specific completion functions may now take advantage of the double-TAB and M-? features of the standard readline completion functions. ff. The mail checking code no longer prints a message if the checked file's size has not increased, even if the access time is less than the modification time. gg. Rewrote the variable symbol table code: there is now a stack of contexts, each possibly including a separate symbol table; there can be more than one temporary environment supplied to nested invocations of `./source'; the temporary environments no longer require so much special-case code; shell functions now handle the temporary environment and local variables more consistently; function scope exit is faster now that the entire symbol table does not have to be traversed to dispose of local variables; it is now easier to push vars from the temporary environment to the shell's variable table in posix mode; some duplicated code has been removed. hh. Regularized the error message printing code; builtin_error is now called more consistently, and common error message strings are handled by small functions. This should make eventual message translation easier. ii. Error messages now include the line number in a script when the shell is not interactive. jj. Array subscript expansion now takes place even when the array variable is unset, so side effects will take place. kk. Fixed a bug in the SICGHLD child-reaping code so that it won't find jobs already marked as terminated if the OS reuses pids quickly enough. ll. Fixed a bug that could cause a signal to not interrupt the `wait' builtin while it was waiting for a background process to terminate. mm. A couple of changes to make it easier for multiple shells to share history files using `history -n', `history -r', and `history -w'. nn. The `getopts' builtin always increments OPTIND to point to the next option to be handled when an option is returned, whether it's valid or not, as POSIX 1003.x-2001 requires. oo. Changed some parts of the expansion code to avoid allocating and immediately freeing memory without using the results for anything. pp. The shell now keeps track of $IFS internally, updating its internal map each time the variable is assigned a new value (or at local scope exit). This saves thousands of hash lookups for IFS, which, while individually cheap, add up. qq. Rewrote the hash table code: searching and insertion are much faster now, and it uses a better string hashing function; augmented the function interface to simplify other parts of the code and remove duplicated code rr. The shell now uses a simple, generic `object cache' for allocating and caching words and word lists, which were the major users of malloc/free. ss. Fixed the assignment statement parsing code to allow whitespace and newlines in subscripts when performing array element assignment. tt. The shell now issues many fewer calls to sigprocmask and other signal masking system calls. uu. Fixed the `test' and conditional command file comparison operators to work right when one file has a non-positive timestamp and the other does not exist. vv. Fixed some cases where the special characters '\001' and '\177' in the values of variables or positional parameters caused incorrect expansion results. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed output of comment-begin character when listing variable values. b. Added some default key bindings for common escape sequences produced by HOME and END keys. c. Fixed the mark handling code to be more emacs-compatible. d. A bug was fixed in the code that prints possible completions to keep it from printing empty strings in certain circumstances. e. Change the key sequence printing code to print ESC as M\- if ESC is a meta-prefix character -- it's easier for users to understand than \e. f. Fixed unstifle_history() to return values that match the documentation. g. Fixed the event loop (rl_event_hook) to handle the case where the input file descriptor is invalidated. h. Fixed the prompt display code to work better when the application has a custom redisplay function. i. Changes to make reading and writing the history file a little faster, and to cope with huge history files without calling abort(3) from xmalloc. j. The vi-mode `S' and `s' commands are now undone correctly. 3. New Features in Bash a. If set, TMOUT is the default timeout for the `read' builtin. b. `type' has two new options: `-f' suppresses shell function lookup, and `-P' forces a $PATH search. c. New code to handle multibyte characters. d. `select' was changed to be more ksh-compatible, in that the menu is reprinted each time through the loop only if REPLY is set to NULL. The previous behavior is available as a compile-time option. e. `complete -d' and `complete -o dirnames' now force a slash to be appended to names which are symlinks to directories. f. There is now a bindable edit-and-execute-command readline command, like the vi-mode `v' command, bound to C-xC-e in emacs mode. g. Added support for ksh93-like [:word:] character class in pattern matching. h. The $'...' quoting construct now expands \cX to Control-X. i. A new \D{...} prompt expansion; passes the `...' to strftime and inserts the result into the expanded prompt. j. The shell now performs arithmetic in the largest integer size the machine supports (intmax_t), instead of long. k. If a numeric argument is supplied to one of the bash globbing completion functions, a `*' is appended to the word before expansion is attempted. l. The bash globbing completion functions now allow completions to be listed with double tabs or if `show-all-if-ambiguous' is set. m. New `-o nospace' option for `complete' and `compgen' builtins; suppresses readline's appending a space to the completed word. n. New `here-string' redirection operator: <<< word. o. When displaying variables, function attributes and definitions are shown separately, allowing them to be re-used as input (attempting to re-use the old output would result in syntax errors). p. There is a new configuration option `--enable-mem-scramble', controls bash malloc behavior of writing garbage characters into memory at allocation and free time. q. The `complete' and `compgen' builtins now have a new `-s/-A service' option to complete on names from /etc/services. r. `read' has a new `-u fd' option to read from a specified file descriptor. s. Fix the completion code so that expansion errors in a directory name don't cause a longjmp back to the command loop. t. Fixed word completion inside command substitution to work a little more intuitively. u. The `printf' %q format specifier now uses $'...' quoting to print the argument if it contains non-printing characters. v. The `declare' and `typeset' builtins have a new `-t' option. When applied to functions, it causes the DEBUG trap to be inherited by the named function. Currently has no effect on variables. w. The DEBUG trap is now run *before* simple commands, ((...)) commands, [[...]] conditional commands, and for ((...)) loops. x. The expansion of $LINENO inside a shell function is only relative to the function start if the shell is interactive -- if the shell is running a script, $LINENO expands to the line number in the script. This is as POSIX-2001 requires. y. The bash debugger in examples/bashdb has been modified to work with the new DEBUG trap semantics, the command set has been made more gdb-like, and the changes to $LINENO make debugging functions work better. Code from Gary Vaughan. z. New [n]<&word- and [n]>&word- redirections from ksh93 -- move fds (dup and close). aa. There is a new `-l' invocation option, equivalent to `--login'. bb. The `hash' builtin has a new `-l' option to list contents in a reusable format, and a `-d' option to remove a name from the hash table. 4. New Features in Readline a. Support for key `subsequences': allows, e.g., ESC and ESC-a to both be bound to readline functions. Now the arrow keys may be used in vi insert mode. b. When listing completions, and the number of lines displayed is more than the screen length, readline uses an internal pager to display the results. This is controlled by the `page-completions' variable (default on). c. New code to handle editing and displaying multibyte characters. d. The behavior introduced in bash-2.05a of deciding whether or not to append a slash to a completed name that is a symlink to a directory has been made optional, controlled by the `mark-symlinked-directories' variable (default is the 2.05a behavior). e. The `insert-comment' command now acts as a toggle if given a numeric argument: if the first characters on the line don't specify a comment, insert one; if they do, delete the comment text f. New application-settable completion variable: rl_completion_mark_symlink_dirs, allows an application's completion function to temporarily override the user's preference for appending slashes to names which are symlinks to directories. g. New function available to application completion functions: rl_completion_mode, to tell how the completion function was invoked and decide which argument to supply to rl_complete_internal (to list completions, etc.). h. Readline now has an overwrite mode, toggled by the `overwrite-mode' bindable command, which could be bound to `Insert'. i. New application-settable completion variable: rl_completion_suppress_append, inhibits appending of rl_completion_append_character to completed words. j. New key bindings when reading an incremental search string: ^W yanks the currently-matched word out of the current line into the search string; ^Y yanks the rest of the current line into the search string, DEL or ^H deletes characters from the search string. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-release, and the previous version, bash-2.05a-rc1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed the `printf' builtin so that the variable name supplied as an argument to a %n conversion must be a valid shell identifier. b. Improved the random number generator slightly. c. Changes to configuration to not put -I/usr/include into $CFLAGS, since it messes up some includes. d. Corrected description of POSIXLY_CORRECT in man page and info manual. e. Fixed a couple of cases of incorrect function prototypes that sneaked through and caused compilation problems. f. A few changes to avoid potential core dumps in the programmable completion code. g. Fixed a configure problem that could cause a non-existent file to show up in LIBOBJS. h. Fixed a configure problem that could cause siglist.o to not be built when required. i. Changes to the strtoimax and strtoumax replacement functions to work around buggy compilers. j. Fixed a problem with the snprintf replacement function that could potentially cause a core dump. 2. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a locale-specific problem in the vi-mode `goto mark' command. b. Fixed Makefile to not put -I/usr/include into CFLAGS, since it can cause include file problems. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-rc1, and the previous version, bash-2.05a-beta1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed the snprintf replacement to correctly implement the `alternate form' of the %g and %G conversions. b. Fixed snprintf to correctly handle the optional precision with the %g and %G conversions. c. Fixed the arithmetic evaluation code to correct the values of `@' and `_' when translating base-64 constants (they were backwards). d. New library functions for formatting long and long long ints. e. Fixed a few places where negative array subscripts could have occurred, mostly as the result of systems using signed characters. f. Fixed a few places that assumed a pid_t was no wider than an int. g. Fixed the `maildir' mail checking code to work on systems where a `struct stat' doesn't include an `st_blocks' member. h. Fixed snprintf to make `unsigned long long' conversion formats (%llu) work better. i. Fixed snprintf to not print a sign when asked to do an unsigned conversion. j. Made configure changes to avoid compiling empty source files in lib/sh. k. New replacement functions (if necessary) for strtoull, strtoll, strtoimax, strtoumax. l. The `printf' builtin now handles the `ll' and `j' length modifiers directly, since they can affect the type and width of the argument passed to printf(3). m. Renamed a number of the bash-specific autoconf macros in aclocal.m4 to have more sytematic naming, with accompanying changes to configure.in. n. Fixed snprintf to handle long doubles and the %a/%A conversions by falling back to sprintf, as long as sprintf supports them. o. Fixed return value from vsnprintf/snprintf to be the number of characters that would have been printed, even if that number exceeds the buffer size passed as an argument. p. Bash no longer attempts to define its own versions of some ctype macros if they are implemented as functions in libc but not as macros in . q. Changed the variable printing code (used by `set', `export', etc.) to not use the $'...' syntax when in posix mode, since that caused interoperability problems with other shells (most notably with autoconf). When not in posix mode, it uses $'...' if the string to be printed contains non-printing characters and regular single quotes otherwise. r. snprintf now recognizes the %F conversion. s. Fixed a bug that could cause the wrong status to be returned by a shell function when the shell is compiled without job control and a null command containing a command substutition was executed in the function. t. When in posix mode, the default value for MAILCHECK is 600. u. Bash only initializes FUNCNAME, GROUPS, and DIRSTACK as special variables if they're not in the initial environment. v. If SECONDS appears in the initial environment with a valid integer value, bash uses that as the starting value, as if an assignment had been performed. w. Bash no longer auto-exports HOME, PATH, SHELL, or TERM, even though it gives them default values if they don't appear in the initial environment. x. Bash no longer auto-exports HOSTNAME, HOSTTYPE, MACHTYPE, or OSTYPE, even if it assigns them default values. y. Bash no longer removes the export attribute from SSH_CLIENT or SSH2_CLIENT if they appear in the initial environment. z. Bash no longer attempts to discover if it's being run by sshd in order to run the startup files. If the SSH_SOURCE_BASHRC is uncommented in config-top.h it will attempt to do so as previously, but that's commented out in the distributed version. aa. Fixed a typo in the code that tests for LC_NUMERIC. bb. The POSIXLY_CORRECT shell variable and its effects are now documented. cc. Some changes to several of the support shell scripts included in the definitions to try to avoid race conditions and attacks. dd. Several changes to avoid warnings from `gcc -Wall'. ee. Fixed a problem with the `unset' builtin that could cause incorrect results if asked to unset a variable and an array subscript in the same command. ff. A few changes to the shell's temporary file creation code to avoid potential file descriptor leaks and to prefer the system's idea of the temporary directory to use. gg. Fixes to build with the C alloca in lib/malloc/alloca.c if the system requires it but the shell has been configured --without-bash-malloc. hh. Updated the documentation to note that only interactive shells resend SIGHUP to all jobs before exiting. ii. Fixes to only pass unquoted tilde words to tilde_expand, rather than rely on tilde_expand or getpwnam(3) to handle the quotes (MacOS 10.x will remove backslashes in any login name passed to getpwnam(3)). jj. Small change from Paul Eggert to make LINENO right in commands run with `bash -c'. 2. New Features in Bash a. The `printf' builtin now handles the %a and %A conversions if they're implemented by printf(3). b. The `printf' builtin now handles the %F conversion (just about like %f). c. The `printf' builtin now handles the %n conversion like printf(3). The corresponding argument is the name of a shell variable to which the value is assigned. 3. Changes to Readline a. Fixed a few places where negative array subscripts could have occurred. b. Fixed the vi-mode code to use a better method to determine the bounds of the array used to hold the marks. c. Fixed the defines in chardefs.h to work better when chars are signed. d. Fixed configure.in to use the new names for bash autoconf macros. e. Readline no longer attempts to define its own versions of some ctype macros if they are implemented as functions in libc but not as macros in . f. Fixed a problem where rl_backward could possibly set point to before the beginning of the line. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05a-beta1, and the previous version, bash-2.05a-alpha1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a bug in the evalution of arithmetic `for' statements when the expanded expression is NULL. b. Fixed an unassigned variable problem in the redirection printing code. c. Added more prototypes to extern function declarations in the header files and to static function declarations in C source files. d. Make sure called functions have a prototype in scope, to get the arguments and return values right instead of casting. Removed extern function declarations from C source files that were already included in header files. e. Changed some function arguments to use function typedefs in general.h so the prototypes can be checked. The only use of Function and VFunction now is for unwind-protects. f. More const changes to function arguments and appropriate variables. g. Changed the mail checking support to handle `maildir'-style mail directories. h. Augmented the bash malloc to pass in the file and line number information for each malloc, realloc, and free. This should result in better error messages. i. The `old' gnu malloc is no longer a configuration option. j. Augmented the bash malloc with optional tracing and registering allocated and freed memory. k. Prompt string decoding now saves and restores the value of $? when it expands the prompt string, so command substitutions don't change $?. i. Array indices are now `long', since shell arithmetic is performed as long, and the internal arrayind_t type is used consistently. j. Some more `unsigned char *' fixes from Paul Eggert. k. Fixed a bad call to builtin_error that could cause core dumps when making local variables. l. `return' may no longer be used to terminate a `select' command, for compatibility with ksh. m. Changed code that reads octal numbers to do a better job of detecting overflows. n. The time formatting code no longer uses absolute indices into a buffer, because the buffer size changes depending on the size of a `time_t'. o. `umask' now prints four digits when printing in octal mode, for compatibility with other shells. p. Lots of changes to the `printf' builtin from Paul Eggert: it handles `L' formats and long doubles better, and internal functions have been simpified where appropriate. q. Some `time_t' fixes for machines were a time_t is bigger than a long. r. Replaced some bash-specific autoconf macros with standard equivalents. s. Improvmed the code that constructs temporary filenames to make the generated names a bit more random. t. Added code that checks for ascii before calling any of the is* ctype functions. u. Changed some places where a `char' was used as an array subscript to use `unsigned char', since a `char' can be negative if it's signed by default. v. Lots of changes to the `ulimit' builtin from Paul Eggert to add support for the new POSIX-200x RLIM_SAVED_CUR and RLIM_SAVED_MAX values and simplify the code. w. `ulimit' now prints the description of a resource in any error message relating to fetching or setting that resource's limits. x. The `snprintf' replacement now computes maximum values at compile time rather than using huge constants for things like long long. y. Interactive shells now ignore `set -n'. z. Changed the malloc bookkeeping information so that it's now 8 bytes instead of 12 on most 32-bit machines (saving 4 bytes per allocation), restoring 8-byte alignment. aa. The malloc error reporting code now attempts to print the file and line number of the call that caused the error. bb. Changed the redirection error reporting code to catch EBADF errors and report the file descriptor number rather than the file being redirected to or from (e.g., things like `exec 4242&word' redirection now works in POSIX mode as it does by default, since POSIX.2 leaves it unspecified. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-beta2, and the previous version, bash-2.05-beta1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Fixed a bug in the arithmetic evaluation code so that a^=b is supported. b. Fixed startup so posixly_correct is retained across subshells begun to execute scripts without a leading `#!'. c. Fixed a bug that caused $(< file) to not work in a (...) subshell. d. Added config support for Linux running on the IBM S390. e. Fixed a bug that caused bash to get its input pointer out of sync when reading commands through a pipe and running a command with standard input redirected from a file. f. Made a change so that command completion now makes about half as many stat(2) calls when searching the $PATH. g. Fixed a bug that caused variable assignments preceding `return' to not be propagated to the shell environment in POSIX mode. h. Fixed a bug with ${parameter[:]?word} -- tilde expansion was not performed on `word'. i. In POSIX mode, `break' and `continue' do not complain and return success if called when the shell is not executing a loop. j. Fixed `bash -o posix' to work the same as `bash --posix'. k. Fixed a bug where variable assignments preceding `eval' or `source/.' would not show up in the environment exported to subshells run by the commands. l. In POSIX mode, shells started to execute command substitutions inherit the value of the `-e' option from their parent shell. m. In POSIX mode, aliases are expanded even in non-interactive shells. n. Changed some of the job control messages to display the text required by POSIX.2 when the shell is in POSIX mode. o. Fixed a bug in `test' that caused it to occasionally return incorrect results when non-numeric arguments were supplied to `-t'. 2. Changes to Readline a. Some changes were made to avoid gcc warnings with -Wall. b. rl_get_keymap_by_name now finds keymaps case-insensitively, so `set keymap EMACS' works. c. The history file writing and truncation functions now return a useful status on error. d. Fixed a bug that could cause applications to dereference a NULL pointer if a NULL second argument was passed to history_expand(). 3. New Features in Bash a. doc/readline.3 has been moved to the readline distribution. 4. New Features in Readline a. New function, rl_get_screen_size (int *rows, int *columns), returns readline's idea of the screen dimensions. b. The timeout in rl_gather_tyi (readline keyboard input polling function) is now settable via a function (rl_set_keyboard_input_timeout()). c. Renamed the max_input_history variable to history_max_entries; the old variable is maintained for backwards compatibility. d. The list of characters that separate words for the history tokenizer is now settable with a variable: history_word_delimiters. The default value is as before. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-beta1, and the previous version, bash-2.05-alpha1. 1. Changes to Bash a. Changes to allow shared library and object building on the GNU Hurd. b. Fixes to the way exported functions are placed into the environment and cached. c. The globbing library once again respects locales when processing ranges in bracket expressions while doing pattern matching. d. System-specific configuration changes for: Tru 64, Interix e. Bashbug now uses /usr/bin/editor as one of the editing alternatives, and will use mktemp(1) or tempfile(1), if present, for temporary file creation. f. Bash no longer performs a binary file check on a script argument that's really a tty (like /dev/fd/0 or /dev/stdin). g. Fixed a bug in the execution of shell scripts that caused the effects of $BASH_ENV to be undone in some cases. h. Fixed several bugs that made `bash [-i] /dev/stdin' not work correctly. i. Several changes to the job control code to avoid some signal state manipulation. j. The Bash malloc no longer blocks signals as often, which should make it faster. k. Fixed a parsing bug that did not allow backslash to escape a single quote inside a $'...' construct. l. Fixed a bug that caused things like ${var:=$'value'} to be parsed incorrectly. This showed up in newer versions of autoconf. m. Fixed a bug in the bash-specific readline initialization that caused key bindings to bash-specific function names appearing in .inputrc to not be honored. n. Bash now sets the file descriptor it uses to save the file descriptor opened on a shell script to close on exec. o. Fixed a bug in the prompt string decoding that caused it to misbehave when presented an octal sequence of fewer than three characters. p. Fixed the `test' builtin to return an error if `[' is supplied a single argument that is not `]'. q. Fixed a bug that caused subshells started to run executable shell scripts without a leading `#!' to incorrectly inherit an argument list preceding a shell builtin (like such a script called from a script sourced with `.', where there were variable assignments preceding the `.' command) r. Fixed a bug that caused changes to variables supplied in an assignment statement preceding a shell builtin to not be honored (like a script run with `.'). s. HOSTTYPE, OSTYPE, and MACHTYPE are set only if they do not have values when the shell is started. t. Fixed a bug that caused SIGINT to kill shell scripts after the script called `wait'. u. The `fc' builtin now tries to create its temporary files in the directory named by $TMPDIR. v. Bash no longer calls any Readline functions or uses any Readline variables not declared in readline.h. w. Fixed a bug that caused some substitutions involving $@ to not be split correctly, especially expansions of the form ${paramterOPword}. x. SSH2_CLIENT is now treated like SSH_CLIENT and not auto-exported if it appears in the initial environment. y. Fixed a couple of problems with shell scripts without a leading `#!' being executed out of shell functions that could cause core dumps if such a script attempted to execute `return'. z. Fixed a problem with the `-nt' and `-ot' binary operators for the `test/[' builtin and the `[[' conditional command that caused wrong return values if one of the file arguments did not exist. aa. Fixed a bug that caused non-interactive shells which had previously executed `shopt -s expand_aliases' to fail to expand aliases in a command like `(command) &'. 2. Changes to Readline a. Changes to make most (but not yet all -- there is still crlf()) of the exported readline functions declared in readline.h have an rl_ prefix. b. More `const' changes in function arguments, mostly for completion functions. c. Fixed a bug in rl_forward that could cause the point to be set to before the beginning of the line in vi mode. d. Fixed a bug in the callback read-char interface to make it work when a readline function pushes some input onto the input stream with rl_execute_next (like the incremental search functions). e. Fixed a file descriptor leak in the history file manipulation code that was tripped when attempting to truncate a non-regular file (like /dev/null). f. Some existing variables are now documented and part of the public interface (declared in readline.h): rl_explict_arg, rl_numeric_arg, rl_editing_mode, rl_last_func. g. Renamed rltty_set_default_bindings to rl_tty_set_default_bindings and crlf to rl_crlf, so there are no public functions declared in readline.h without an `rl_' prefix. The old functions still exist for backwards compatibility. 3. New Features in Bash a. A new loadable builtin, realpath, which canonicalizes and expands symlinks in pathname arguments. b. When `set' is called without options, it prints function defintions in a way that allows them to be reused as input. This affects `declare' and `declare -p' as well. 4. New Features in Readline a. New application-callable function rl_set_prompt(const char *prompt): expands its prompt string argument and sets rl_prompt to the result. b. New application-callable function rl_set_screen_size(int rows, int cols): public method for applications to set readline's idea of the screen dimensions. c. The history example program (examples/histexamp.c) is now built as one of the examples. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ This document details the changes between this version, bash-2.05-alpha1, and the previous version, bash-2.04-release. 1. Changes to Bash a. A fix was made to allow newlines in compond array assignments. b. configure now checks for real-time signals with unusable values. c. Interactive shells no longer exit if a substitution fails because of an unset variable within a sourced file. d. Fixed a problem with incorrect matching of extended glob patterns when doing pattern substitution. e. `{' is now quoted by the completion code when it appears in a filename. f. Fixed an error in pattern matching that caused the matcher to not correctly skip the rest of a bracket expression after a character matched. g. Fixed a bug in the IFS word splitting code to make a non-whitespace IFS character preceded by IFS whitespace part of the current delimiter rather than generating a separate field. h. The {!prefix@} expansion now generates separate words, analogous to $@, when double-quoted. i. Command substitution now ignores NUL bytes in the command output, and the parser ignores them on input. j. A fix was made to the job control code to prevent hanging processes when the shell thinks background processes are running but the kernel returns -1/ECHILD from waitpid(). k. `pwd' now prints an error message if the write fails when displaying the current directory. l. When in POSIX mode, the shell prints trap dispostions without a leading `SIG' in the signal specification. m. Fixed a parser bug that caused the current command's line count to be messed up by a compound array assignment. n. Fixed a bug in the unwind-protect code that caused bad behavior on machines where ints and pointers are not the same size. o. System-specific configure changes for: MacOS X. p. Changes for Cygwin to translate \r\n and \r to \n and to set file descriptors used for reading input to text mode in various places. q. Fixed a bug that caused `!' to occasionally not be honored when in a (...) subshell. r. Bash no longer assumes that getcwd() will return any useful error message in the buffer passed as an argument if the call fails. s. The `source', `.', and `fc' builtins no longer check whether a file is binary before reading commands from it. t. Subshells no longer turn off job control when they exit, since that sometimes resulted in the terminal being reset to the wrong process group. u. The history code no longer tries to save the second and subsequent lines of a multi-line command if the first line was not saved. v. The history saving code now does a better job of saving blank lines in a multi-line command. w. Removed a `feature' that made `ulimit' silently translate `unlimited' to the current hard limit, which obscured some kernel error returns. x. Fixed the grammar so that `}' is recognized as a reserved word after another reserved word, rather than requiring a `;' or newline. This means that constructs like { { echo a b c ; } } work as expected. y. Conditional commands ([[...]]) now perform tilde expansion on their arguments. z. Noted in the documentation that `set -a' will cause functions to be exported if they are defined after `set -a' is executed. aa. When an interactive login shell starts, if $PWD and $HOME refer to the same directory but are not the same string, $PWD is set to $HOME. bb. Fixed `printf' to handle invalid floating point numbers better. cc. Temporary files are now created with random filenames, to improve security. dd. The readline initialization code now binds the custom bash functions and key bindings after the readline defaults are set up. ee. Fixed the `source' builtin to no longer overwrite a shell function's argument list, even if the sourced file changes the positional parameters. ff. A bug fix was made in the expansion of `$*' in contexts where it should not be split, like assignment statements. gg. Fixed a bug in the parameter substring expansion to handle conditional arithmetic expressions ( exp ? val1 : val2 ) without cutting the expression off at the wrong `:'. hh. The `<>' redirection is no longer subject to the current setting of `noclobber', as POSIX.2 specifies. ii. Fixed a bug in the conditional command parsing code that caused expressions in parentheses to occasionally be parsed incorrectly. jj. Fixed a bug in the ((...)) arithmetic command to allow do...done or {...} to follow the )) without an intervening list terminator. kk. `printf' now treats `\E' the same as `\e' when performing backslash escape expansion for the `%b' format specifier. ll. When in POSIX mode, the shell no longer searches the current directory for a file to be sourced with `.' or `source' if `.' is not in $PATH. mm. Interactive comments are no longer turned off when POSIX mode is disabled. nn. The UID, EUID, HOSTNAME variables are not set if they are in the shell's environment when it starts up. oo. Fixed a bug in the `command' builtin so the effect of a command like `command exec 4